Animal physiology is a critical field in veterinary and animal sciences, focusing on the functional mechanisms of animals at molecular, cellular, organ, and systemic levels. Recent advances have enhanced understanding of physiological processes such as thermoregulation, digestion, reproduction, and neuroendocrine regulation in domesticated and wild species. Emphasis has been placed on adaptive physiological responses to environmental stressors, including heat stress and nutritional imbalances, particularly in livestock. Innovations in molecular biology and imaging technologies have enabled precise monitoring of metabolic and hormonal changes, contributing to improved animal health and productivity.

Studies on immune function and disease resistance are gaining momentum, aligning with the global need for sustainable and ethical animal management practices. Furthermore, integrative approaches combining physiology with genomics and bioinformatics are opening new frontiers in precision livestock farming. This technical update underscores the importance of continued research in animal physiology to inform veterinary interventions and optimize animal welfare and performance, aligning with the mission of the Journal of Animal Research and Veterinary Science to promote high-impact scientific contributions in the field.