Neurogenetics is the study of how genetic factors influence the development, structure, and function of the brain and nervous system. This interdisciplinary field investigates the complex relationship between genes and neural processes, aiming to understand how genetic variations contribute to cognitive abilities, behavior, and susceptibility to neurological disorders. By combining molecular biology, genomics, and behavioral science, neurogenetics sheds light on the hereditary components of diseases such as autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and other inherited conditions.

Advances in sequencing technologies and gene editing have accelerated discoveries of genetic mutations and polymorphisms linked to neural dysfunction. These findings provide insights into the molecular pathways that govern neural development, synaptic connectivity, and neurochemical signaling. Moreover, neurogenetics informs the development of personalized medicine approaches, allowing for targeted therapies based on an individual’s genetic profile.